antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria  (ATCC)

Journal: Biology

Article Title: Antibacterial Potential of Honeybee Venom and Monascus purpureus Extracellular Metabolites Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria.

doi: 10.3390/biology14010021

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. In vitro antibacterial activity of honeybee venom (BV) extracts against three multidrug- resistant human pathogenic bacteria. (A–C) Disc diffusion method of the BV extract (200 µg·mL−1)

Article Snippet: Honeybee Venom (BV) Extract Exhibited Notable Antibacterial Activity Against MDR Human Pathogenic Bacteria Honeybee venom (BV) extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against E. coli—ATCC 8739 (Figure 1A), S. aureus—ATCC 6538 (Figure 1B), and E. faecalis—ATCC 25923 (Figure 1C).

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria, Diffusion-based Assay

Journal: Biology

Article Title: Antibacterial Potential of Honeybee Venom and Monascus purpureus Extracellular Metabolites Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria.

doi: 10.3390/biology14010021

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. In vitro antibacterial activity of Monascus red dye (RD) extracts against three multidrug- resistant human pathogenic bacteria. (A–C) Disc diffusion method of the RD extract (200 µg·mL−1) against Escherichia coli—ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus—ATCC 6538, and Enterococcus faecalis— ATCC 25923, respectively. (D–F) Susceptibility analysis and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of RD extract against E. coli, S. aureus, and E. faecalis, respectively. Different concentrations of the RD extract were prepared in DMSO (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.562, 0.781, and 0.390 µg·mL−1). (G–I) Probit regression (dose–response analysis) of RD extract against E. coli, S. au- reus, and E. faecalis, respectively. Gray dots present the means of three replicates of each concentration. Blue solid lines represent the probit regression lines, whereas red dashed lines edge represent the 95% confidence intervals for the estimated regression. Probit-associated half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50; µg·L−1), 95% confidence intervals, and overall model fit are listed in Table 1. For RD extract, the IC50 against E. coli ATCC8739 was 40.876 µg·mL−1 (95% CI: 10.632–491.037 µg·mL−1), against S. aureus ATCC 6538 it was 3.131 µg·mL−1 (95% CI: 2.729–3.592 µg·mL−1), and against E. faecalis ATCC 25923 it was 18.758 µg·mL−1 (95% CI: 6.201–61.248 µg·mL−1).

Article Snippet: Honeybee Venom (BV) Extract Exhibited Notable Antibacterial Activity Against MDR Human Pathogenic Bacteria Honeybee venom (BV) extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against E. coli—ATCC 8739 (Figure 1A), S. aureus—ATCC 6538 (Figure 1B), and E. faecalis—ATCC 25923 (Figure 1C).

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria, Diffusion-based Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Biology

Article Title: Antibacterial Potential of Honeybee Venom and Monascus purpureus Extracellular Metabolites Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria.

doi: 10.3390/biology14010021

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. In vitro antibacterial activity of honeybee venom (BV) and Monascus red dye (RD) extracts against multidrug-resistant human pathogenic bacteria in comparison with traditional antibiotics. (A,B) Disc diffusion method of the BV and RD extract (200 µg·mL−1) compared with the traditional antibiotics against Escherichia coli—ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus—ATCC 6538, and Enterococcus faecalis—ATCC 25923, respectively, at 24 h post-incubation (hpi) at 37 ◦C. (C–E) Inhibition zones (mm) of BV and RD extract (200 µg·mL−1) compared with traditional antibiotics against E. coli, S. au- reus, and E. faecalis, respectively. Bars and whiskers represent the means and standard deviations (Means ± SDs) of three biological replicates. Different letters signify statistically significant differences between treatments using Tukey’s HSD (p < 0.05). CIP: ciprofloxacin (5 µg), AZM: azithromycin (15 µg), S: streptomycin (10 µg), A/S: ampicillin-sulbactam (10/10 µg), and CLR: clarithromycin (15 µg).

Article Snippet: Honeybee Venom (BV) Extract Exhibited Notable Antibacterial Activity Against MDR Human Pathogenic Bacteria Honeybee venom (BV) extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against E. coli—ATCC 8739 (Figure 1A), S. aureus—ATCC 6538 (Figure 1B), and E. faecalis—ATCC 25923 (Figure 1C).

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria, Comparison, Diffusion-based Assay, Incubation, Inhibition